{"id":7613,"date":"2023-03-29T06:53:51","date_gmt":"2023-03-29T04:53:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jphres.org\/?p=7613"},"modified":"2023-04-02T14:00:23","modified_gmt":"2023-04-02T12:00:23","slug":"drawbacks-and-aftermath-of-the-affordable-care-act-ex-ante-moral-hazard-and-inequalities-in-health-care-access","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.jphres.us.com\/index.php\/jphres\/article\/view\/2135\/","title":{"rendered":"Drawbacks and aftermath of the Affordable Care Act: ex-ante moral hazard and inequalities in health care access"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2135<\/span><\/div>\n<ul class=\"item authors\">\n<li><span class=\"name\"><strong>Daniele Corso<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"affiliation\">Department of Economics and Management, University of Pavia, Italy.<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"orcid\">https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6363-1243<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"item abstract\">\n<h3 class=\"label\">ABSTRACT<\/h3>\n<p><em>Background:<\/em>\u00a0Following the introduction of the Affordable Care Act, various studies have tried to identify the effects of the Reform, without reaching a clear consensus. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expansion of the Medicaid program has led to less inequality in access to health care and to a higher level of ex-ante moral hazard.<br \/>\n<em><br \/>\nDesign and Methods:<\/em>\u00a0The analysis was conducted on two-year longitudinal data (2014-2015) regarding a cohort of 15,898 individuals from a Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). After a data cleaning procedure, a sample of 9,255 individuals was selected for the inequality part of the study and 2,307 for the ex-ante moral hazard analysis. Propensity score matching with nearest-neighbour and kernel matching algorithms, difference-in-difference models and concentration index, corrected according to Erreygers methodology, were adopted.<br \/>\n<em><br \/>\nResults:<\/em>\u00a0The analysis showed that disparities were reduced between social classes although the ex-ante moral hazard is a real problem with the Affordable Care Act since individuals covered by public insurance tended to abuse the public service. Among those who benefited from the Act, a reduction in preventive behaviours was observed: there was an increase in smoking and a decrease in level of physical activity<em>.\u00a0<\/em>As far as concerns access to health care, there was a decrease in inequality in emergency visits, inability to get care and getting care when needed among beneficiaries of the Reform.<br \/>\n<em><br \/>\nConclusions:<\/em> This study demonstrates that the extension of Medicaid has had a dual effect of reducing disparities in access to health care but, at the same time, it seems to have induced people to take less care of themselves.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item references\">\n<h3 class=\"label\">REFERENCES<\/h3>\n<div class=\"value\">\n<p>Stanciole AE. Health insurance and lifestyle choices: identifying ex ante moral hazard in the US market. Geneva Pap Risk Insur Issues Pract 2008;33:627-44. DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/gpp.2008.27<\/p>\n<p>Zweifel P, Manning WG. 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DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1257\/pol.4.3.190<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2135 Daniele Corso Department of Economics and Management, University of Pavia, Italy. https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6363-1243 ABSTRACT Background:\u00a0Following the introduction of the Affordable Care Act, various studies have tried to identify the effects of the Reform, without reaching a clear consensus. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expansion of the Medicaid program has led to &#8230; <a title=\"Drawbacks and aftermath of the Affordable Care Act: ex-ante moral hazard and inequalities in health care access\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jphres.us.com\/index.php\/jphres\/article\/view\/2135\/\" aria-label=\"More on Drawbacks and aftermath of the Affordable Care Act: ex-ante moral hazard and inequalities in health care access\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7613","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Drawbacks and aftermath of the Affordable Care Act: ex-ante moral hazard and inequalities in health care access - Journal of Public Health Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jphres.us.com\/index.php\/jphres\/article\/view\/2135\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Drawbacks and aftermath of the Affordable Care Act: ex-ante moral hazard and inequalities in health care access - Journal of Public Health Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2135 Daniele Corso Department of Economics and Management, University of Pavia, Italy. https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6363-1243 ABSTRACT Background:\u00a0Following the introduction of the Affordable Care Act, various studies have tried to identify the effects of the Reform, without reaching a clear consensus. 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