{"id":5715,"date":"2023-03-29T03:39:50","date_gmt":"2023-03-29T01:39:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jphres.org\/?p=5715"},"modified":"2023-04-02T14:02:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-02T12:02:00","slug":"what-is-a-social-determinant-of-health-back-to-basics-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.jphres.us.com\/index.php\/jphres\/article\/view\/2324\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a social determinant of health? Back to basics"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2324\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2324<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<ul class=\"item authors\">\n<li><span class=\"name\">Robert A. Hahn |\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"affiliation\">Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.<\/span><span class=\"orcid\"><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3197-2393\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3197-2393<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"label\">ABSTRACT<\/h3>\n<p>The objective of this essay is to clarify the understanding and use of Social Determinants of Health by exploring basic characteristics of \u2018determinants\u2019 and \u2018fundamental causes,\u2019 the \u2018social,\u2019 \u2018structure,\u2019 and \u2018modifiability,\u2019 and to consider theoretical and practical implications of this reconceptualization for public health.\u00a0 The analysis distinguishes SDOH from other determinants of health. Social determinants of health are defined as mutable societal systems, their components, and the social resources and hazards for health that societal systems control and distribute, allocate and withhold, and that, in turn, cause health consequences, including changes in the demographic distributions and trends of health.\u00a0 A systems conceptualization holds concepts such as \u201crace\u201d as the creations of social systems and as having negative consequences, such as racism, when part of a racist system, but potentially ameliorative consequences when part of an anti-racist system. The integration of SDOH into public health theory and practice may substantially expand the benefits of public health, but will require new theorizing, intervention research, education, collaboration, policy, and practice.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"label\">REFERENCES<\/h3>\n<div class=\"value\">\n<p>Krieger N. Theories for social epidemiology in the 21st century: an ecosocial perspective. 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DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61777-8\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61777-8<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Casta\u00f1eda H, Holmes SM, Madrigal DS, et al. Immigration as a social determinant of health. Annu Rev Public Health 2015;36:375-92. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-032013-182419\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-032013-182419<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Czyzewski K. Colonialism as a broader social determinant of health. Int Indig Policy J 2011;2:5. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18584\/iipj.2011.2.1.5\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18584\/iipj.2011.2.1.5<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Nolan M, Rikard-Bell G, Mohsin M, Williams M. Food insecurity in three socially disadvantaged localities in Sydney, Australia. Health Promot J Austr 2006;17:247-53. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/HE06247\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/HE06247<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Phillips SP. 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Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. Available from:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-IER-CSDH-08.1\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-IER-CSDH-08.1<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Frieden TR. A framework for public health action: the health impact pyramid. Am J Public Health 2010;100:590-5. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2009.185652\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2009.185652<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Food and Drug Administration, HHS. Final determination regarding partially hydrogenated oils. Notification; declaratory order; extension of compliance date. Fed Regist 2018;83:23358-9.<\/p>\n<p>Phelan JC, Link BG. Is racism a fundamental cause of inequalities in health? Annu Rev Sociol 2015;41:311-30. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-soc-073014-112305\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-soc-073014-112305<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Braveman P, Gottlieb L. The social determinants of health: it&#8217;s time to consider the causes of the causes. Public Health Rep 2014;129:S19-31. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549141291S206\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549141291S206<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Alderwick H, Gottlieb LM. Meanings and misunderstandings: a social determinants of health lexicon for health care systems. Milbank Q 2019;97:407-19. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-0009.12390\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-0009.12390<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Krieger N. A glossary for social epidemiology. J Epidemiol Commun Health 2001;55:693-700. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.55.10.693\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.55.10.693<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Link BG, Phelan JC. Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. J Health Soc Behav 1995;Spec No:80-94. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2626958\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2626958<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Services USDoHaH. Healthy People 2030. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Epstein B. Social ontology. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; 2018.<\/p>\n<p>World Health Organization. A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. Available from:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/44489\">https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/44489<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Rothman KJ. Modern epidemiology. Boston: Little Brown; 1986.<\/p>\n<p>Rothman KJ, Stein Z, Susser M. Rebuilding bridges: what is the real role of social class in disease occurrence? Eur J Epidemiol 2011;26:431. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10654-011-9579-0\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10654-011-9579-0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Braveman P, Krieger N, Lynch J. Health inequalities and social inequalities in health. Bull World Health Organ 2000;78:232-5.<\/p>\n<p>Katz MH. Structural interventions for addressing chronic health problems. JAMA 2009;302:683-5. DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2009.1147\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2009.1147<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/jphr.2021.2324 Robert A. Hahn |\u00a0Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.\u00a0https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3197-2393 ABSTRACT The objective of this essay is to clarify the understanding and use of Social Determinants of Health by exploring basic characteristics of \u2018determinants\u2019 and \u2018fundamental causes,\u2019 the \u2018social,\u2019 \u2018structure,\u2019 and \u2018modifiability,\u2019 and to consider theoretical and practical implications of this reconceptualization &#8230; <a title=\"What is a social determinant of health? Back to basics\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jphres.us.com\/index.php\/jphres\/article\/view\/2324\/\" aria-label=\"More on What is a social determinant of health? Back to basics\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5715","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is a social determinant of health? Back to basics - Journal of Public Health Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jphres.us.com\/index.php\/jphres\/article\/view\/2324\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is a social determinant of health? 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Hahn |\u00a0Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.\u00a0https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3197-2393 ABSTRACT The objective of this essay is to clarify the understanding and use of Social Determinants of Health by exploring basic characteristics of \u2018determinants\u2019 and \u2018fundamental causes,\u2019 the \u2018social,\u2019 \u2018structure,\u2019 and \u2018modifiability,\u2019 and to consider theoretical and practical implications of this reconceptualization ... 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